This study aimed to investigate the association between cognition, frailty, and falls and self-reported incident fractures in community-dwelling mid- and older adults aged 45 year and older in Canada. Participants from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) who completed the baseline assessment and the three-year follow-up questionnaires were included (n=26,982). Baseline cognitive measures, frailty index, and self-reported incident falls in the last 12 months were compared between those with and without self-reported incident fractures in the last 12 months. Multivariable logistic regression, adjusted for covariates, was used, and multicollinearity and interactions between cognition, frailty, and falls were examined. Participants who experienced incident fractures had similar cognition scores, but higher frailty index scores and greater percentage had fallen. Higher frailty index scores were associated with an increased risk of incident fractures in participants of all ages and those aged 65 or older. Falls in the past 12 months were associated with incident fractures in participants of all ages but not in those aged 65 or older. No multicollinearity and interactions between cognition, frailty, and falls were found. Given the relatively young age of the cohort, caution should be exercised when making inferences for individual older than 65 years.